ISOLATION AND ANALISYS OF FRACTIONS OF LIPOPHILIC AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINED IN CHAGA

The fungus Inonotus obliquus (Pers.) Pil has been used as a folk medicine in Russia and Eastern Europe for more than four centuries. Inonotus obliquus usually occurs as a sclerotium called a «Chaga» on the trunks of Betula trees. In this work, the development of the methods of rational using of Chaga`s raw material was carried out. The methods aim to isolation of lipophilic and phenolic compounds from Chaga. To increase the yield of these compounds raw materials with a different particle size were used. Also the ratio of raw material and extracting agent, extraction time and the moistening of raw material were varied. The extraction of the raw material was carried out by boiling. Ethyl acetate was chosen for Chaga`s treatment, because it has high ability to isolate both lipophilic and phenolic compounds. The optimal conditions of the extraction were selected. It was found that the extraction of raw material with a 2.0 mm particle size allows to obtain the maximum yield of lipophilic compounds – 1.2%, with a high content of terpenoids– 46.5 %, steroids – 12.1%. The extraction of moistened raw material with a particle size less 2.0 mm can give phenolic compounds with yield of 0.16 % (2.3% of simple phenols, phenol carbonic acids and 7.2% of flavonoids).