SOME ASPECTS OF CARYOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL-ANATOMIC RESEARCH OF POTENTILLA ALBA L.

The genus Potentilla is one of the most extensive and polymorphic types in which there is an intensive speciation and hybridization with each other. In the genus Potentilla there is a variation of number of chromosomes from 2n=14 to 112 even within one look. The most widespread number of chromosomes in a karyotype is 2n = 28, and the main chromosomal number – 7. The cytogenetic research of plants Potentilla alba L. is conducted. The number of chromosomes in a karyotype is determined, the sizes of chromosomes (0,7-1,5 microns) are determined and an identification on the basis of monochrome coloring is carried out them. The application of an intercalators has allowed to increase length of chromosomes to 2,6 microns for their studying and identification. The analysis of a karyotype has shown that diploidic set consists of 28 chromosomes (2n=28) and includes 7 couples of metacentric chromosomes and 7 couples of submetacentric chromosomes. In the studied populations of a Potentilla polymorphic sheet plates both quintuple, and pinnate, met different number of couples of leaflets. The morphology and anatomy research of leaves P. alba L. has shown that it is possible to refer to diagnostic signs features of structure of the cells of the top and lower epidermis, existence the druses of calcium oxalate and three types of hairs. The established distinctive features of the top and lower epidermis of leaves of P. alba L. will allow to use these data when developing standard documentation on a new perspective view of P. alba L. medicinal raw materials.