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THE CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS IN LEAVES OF MENTHA LONGIFOLIA (L.) HUDS. DEPENDING ON GROWTH CONDITIONS AND IN DIFFERENT PERIODS OF THE GROWING SEASON

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2018-04-06
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Issue: 
4
Year: 
2018

O.M. Savchenko Ph.D. (Agricul.), Leading Research Scientist, Laboratory of Agrobiology and Selection, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) E-mail: swamprat@rambler.ru S.I. Romashkina Research Scientist, Laboratory of Agrobiology and Selection, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) N.Yu. Svistunova Ph.D. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, Laboratory of Agrobiology and Selection, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) L.N. Kozlovskaya Ph.D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Breeding and Seed Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Moscow) Е-mail: lkozlovska@mail.ru

Long leaf mint (Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds.) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae). Long leaf mint essential oil has anti-microbial, fungistatic and fungicidal activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, mold fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. niger, Botrytis, Fusarium, superficial mycoses, ringworm in domestic animals and some species of the genus Mucor. It is effective against Candida albicans, has a pronounced effect on the growth of gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli. Further studies of antimicrobial activity of long-leaf mint showed a positive effect against yeast Saccharomyces, strains of Vibrio alginolyticus, cholera Vibrio, Vibrio vulnificus and V. fluvialis. The quantitative content of essential oil in the leaves of long-leaf mint depending on the phase of vegetation and the yield of the plant taking into account the place of growth was studied. On peaty soils plants have larger sizes and give higher yields. In conditions of high moisture mass fraction of the sheet is higher than under optimal weather conditions, and the content of essential oil in this period is much lower. High precipitation and low air temperature led to a slowdown in the growth of longleaf mint and lengthened the main phases of vegetation by an average of 10-17 days. The content of essential oil in the dry leaf reached a maximum of 1.66−1.71% when cleaning raw materials in the phase of buds. Essential oil content decreased in the 2nd mowing, which is associated with a reduction in average daily temperatures during this period. Depending on the conditions of growth, its content also varies. This trend is observed regardless of the conditions of the year. Long-leaf mint is promising as a source of raw materials and essential oil for the development of new drugs. Studying of long-leaf mint in different regions of the Moscow region has practical value for further cultivation of this culture
Keywords: 
Mentha longifolia
phase of vegetation
essential oil

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