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COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF THUJA PLICATA DONN EX D.DON, GROWING ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE CRIMEA AND THE BLACK SEA COAST OF THE CAUCASUS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2019-02-03
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Issue: 
2
Year: 
2019

Yu.V. Plugatar Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr.Sc. (Agrical.), Director of the Federal State Funded Institution of Science «The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center» (Yalta, Republic of Crimea) O.M. Shevchuk Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory of the Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Federal State Funded Institution of Science «The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center» (Yalta, Republic of Crimea) E-mail: oksana_shevchuk1970@mail.ru S.A. Feskov Junior Research Scientist, Laboratory of the Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Federal State Funded Institution of Science «The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center» (Yalta, Republic of Crimea) L.B. Dmitriev Dr.Sc. (Chem.), Professor, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev (Moscow) E-mail: dmitrievlevb@mail.ru V.L. Dmitrieva Head of Laboratory, Department of Chemestry, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev (Moscow) V.D. Leiba Director of the Abkhazian Research Forest Experimental Station (Ochamchira, Republic of Abkhazia) E-mail: abnilos@rambler.ru T.A. Gulanyan Ph.D. (Biol.), Institution of Botany of the Abchazian Academy of Sciences (Suchum, Republic of Abkhazia) V.N. Gerasimchuk Reseach Scientist, Laboratory of the Dendrology, Federal State Funded Institution of Science «The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center» (Yalta, Republic of Crimea)

Giant arborvitae (Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don) is a representative of tertiary dendroflora, growing on the area covering the north-west region of North America. As an ornamental plant in the Southern Coast of the Crimea (SCC) this species has been under cultivation since 1859, on the Black Sea Coast of the Caucasus (the BSCC) - since 1953. At home Th. plicata is one of the most visible trees of the upper tier, reaching 75 m in height and 2.4 m in diameter. Plants growing under the conditions of dry subtropics of the Mediterranean type (the SCC) reach a height of only 10-12 m, the diameter of the trunk - up to 20 cm, often have a bushy shape. In a humid subtropical climate (the BSCC) plants at the age of 40-50 years reach a height of 20-25 m and a trunk diameter of up to 30 cm. Essential oil of Th. plicata has a high antifungal and antibacterial activity, due to the high content of ketones (α- and ß- thujone). It was found that in humid and dry subtropical climate plants accumulate more essential oil compared to natural habitats and when grown in temperate latitudes: in the SCC the oil content can reach 1.1%, in the BSCC – 1.3% (in some cases - up to 1.7%). The variability of the component com-position of the essential oil Th. plicata is manifested in the change of the ratio of α - and ß – thujone with almost the same total content (88-90%). Under the humid subtropical conditions, the proportion of ß-tuyon is higher, which improves the quality of essential oil. Sabinene content ranges from 1.31% to 4%, terpene-4-ol – from 1.21% to 3.15%.
Keywords: 
Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don
essential oil
α- and ß- thujone
Southern Coast of the Crimea
Black Sea Coast of the Caucasus

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