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BACTERIOSTATIC EFFECT OF LOW MOLECOLECULAR COMPOUNDS TRICHODERMA LIXII (PAT.)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2019-02-05
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Issue: 
2
Year: 
2019

N.E. Pavlovskaya Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of Department of Biotechnology, Oryol State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhina E-mail: ninel.pavlovsckaya@yandex.ru I.A. Gneusheva Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Oryol State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhina E-mail: obc1-2010@mail.ru A.V. Lushnikov Research Scientist, Orel Regional Center for Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Oryol State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhina E-mail: alex_de-vil@mail.ru O.A. Markina Senior Lecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Oryol State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhina E-mail: olya-olga-markina@yandex.ru

Fungi of the genus Trichoderma secrete biologically active compounds of various chemical nature with growth-promoting, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antiprotozoal effects. The study examined the strain Trichoderma lixii (Pat.) P. Chaverri (2001), the teleomorph Trichoderma harzianum, the data on the antimicrobial activity of the biologically active compounds of which are not available in scientific studies. The strain Trichoderma lixii (Pat.) P. Chaverri (2001) has the ability to synthesize low-molecular secondary endometabolites with bacteriostatic activity against conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms. After extraction of the 15-day Trichoderma lixii (Pat.) Ethylacetate with ethyl acetate and purification of the extract by HPLC, 8 fractions of low molecular weight compounds with m/z 427–578 [M + H+] were obtained, corresponding to individual chemicals. The diameter of the zone of inhibition of growth during joint incubation with an ethyl acetate extract of endometabolites from the biomass of mycelium Trichoderma lixii (Pat.) Was gram-negative bacteria 21 ± 0.41 mm, gram-positive bacteria 22 ± 0.62 mm. The ability of individual fractions with m/z 427–578 [M + H+] was established to exhibit medium and high bacteriostatic activity in relation to Gram-negative (fractions No. 5 – 20 ± 1.24 mm, No. 5a – 19 ± 0.3 mm, No. 5b – 18 ± 1.68 mm) and gram-positive bacteria (fraction No. 5a – 15 ± 1.17 mm, No. 5b – 13 ± 0.61 mm). The greatest bacteriostatic effect is observed in the case of formulation with a total extract (CA = 18.3). With respect to fungi, both the individual fractions and the total extract exhibit weak activity. When exposed to A. niger ATCC 64028, delayed lysis of mycelium cells was observed. On the M. parafortuitum ATCC 6842 test object, the bacteriostatic effect of the me-tabolites is due to inhibition of serine-threonine protein kinases (fraction 5a) and F0F1-ATP synthetase (fractions 3 and 4). The established mechanism of action of the isolated low-molecular metabolites of the filamentous fungus suggests that these compounds can be used as selective inhibitors to reduce the growth and virulence of certain groups of bacteria and fungi.

Keywords: 
Trichoderma lixii (Pat.)
Bacteriostatic metabolites
antimicrobial activity
serine-threonine protein kinases
F0F1-ATP-synthetase

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