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METABOLOMICS OF THE GENUS PENICILLIUM FUNGI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2019-07-02
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Issue: 
7
Year: 
2019

T.V. Antipova Ph.D. (Biol.) Senior Research Scientist, Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms (IBPM RAS) V.P. Zhelifonova Ph.D.(Biol.) Senior Research Scientist, Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms A.G. Kozlovsky Dr.Sc. (Biol.) Leading Research Scientist, Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms E-mail: kozlovski@ibpm.pushchino.ru

The metabolome of the 113 Penicillium fungi strains isolated from various habitats were investigated, including from the permafrost of the Arctic and Antarctic. In polyphasic taxonomy, the new system that has been used in recent years to identify the fungi of the genus Penicillium, secondary metabolite profiles are applied together with the micro- and macro-morphological characteristics of the strains. The species identification of penicillae by morphological features, isolated from natural substrates, is often difficult. For example, in fresh isolates from low-temperature ecotopes, a shift of temperature growth optimum is observed toward lower temperatures compared with typical strains. Therefore, the metabolite profiles obtained using metabolomic are the easiest way to obtain informative data that can be used for the purposes of the taxonomy of fungi. As a result of screenings, profiles of secondary metabolites were successfully applied to the species identification of strains. Some strains isolated from modern habitats had a more complete spectrum of diagnostic secondary metabolites compared with strains isolated from permafrost from 15 to 600 thousand years old. For example, 10 strains of P. commune, isolated from ancient Arctic sediments, synthesized only CPA, and 7 strains, isolated at cheese-making factory, formed CPA and rugulovasines. New producers of biologically active compounds were found which may be promising for drug biotechnology. The production of mycophenolic acid, which is used as an immunosuppressive agent, is found in the strains of P. brevicompactum and P. roqueforti.
Keywords: 
metabolome
chemotaxonomy
secondary metabolites
biological activity

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