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ESTHETO-AROMO-PHYTONCIDE PERENNIAL HERBACEOUS PLANTS OF ARHIBAN COLLECTION AS AN ELEMENT OF HEALTH SAVINGS TECHNOLOGY

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2020-01-08
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Issue: 
1
Year: 
2020

O.A. Sorokopudova Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Leading Research Scientist, All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (Moscow) E-mail: osorokopudova@yandex.ru A.V. Artyukhova Head of the Laboratory of Ornamental Crops, All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (Moscow)

The aim of the work was to select species and cultivars with esthetic-aroma-phytoncidal properties from the bioresource collection of perennial herbaceous ornamental plants of the All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (ARHIBAN) and recommend them for use in environment-improving and health-saving technologies. The objects of research were decortative plants, which are used to obtain plant essential oils or contain phytoorganic substances with pronounced antimicrobial properties. To assess the habitus and time of maximum decorative plants — characteristics that significantly affect their placement and combination in phytocomposites, the height of shoots and the flowering time are determined by the average long-term indicators. The relation to moisture is given on the basis of cultivation experience, severity of xeromorphism and known literature data. By composition, the largest part of the essential oil plants in the collection are representatives of the families Lamiaceae (9 genera – Origanum, Ajuga, Hyssopus, Nepeta, Lavandula, Melissa, Monarda, Mentha, Stachys) and Asteraceae (6 genera – Inula, Tanacetum, Artemisia, Eupatorium, Achillea, Echinacea). The remaining taxa belong to the families Amaryllidaceae (Allium), Iridaceae (Iris), Caprifoliaceae (Valeriana), Hypericaceae (Hypericum), Rosaceae (Filipendula), Crassulaceae (Hylotelephium), Paeoniaceae (Paeonia), Polemoniaceae (Polemonium), Rutaceae (Dictamnus). Species of Allium, Tanacetum, Artemisia, Achillea, Echinacea and attributed to phytoncid plants. Species and cultivars of peonies and irises are presented in the collection of ARHIBAN generic complexes. Information on the composition of biologically active substances in plants as potential raw materials for the chemical-pharmaceutical and food industries is given using published data. Recommendations on the use of representatives of 24 botanical genera in various types of flower decoration in an urban environment, taking into account their morphological and biological characteristics, including container gardening, are given. The importance of conservation, development of nursery and involvement of these plants in the improvement of urban areas is emphasized. The spread of esthetic-aromatic-phytoncidal plants will contribute to the expansion of their resource base, improve the mood, quality of life of people and their active longevity.
Keywords: 
ornamental plants
herbaceous perennials
essential oil plants
phytoncides
environment-improving technologies
health savings technology

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