MODIFICATION OF THE ACTIVITY, ISOENZYME SPECTRUM AND SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF AMINO ACID EXCHANGE ENZYMES IN THE PLACENTA DURING ITS DYSFUNCTION

During prenatal development, various disorders affect in the metabolism of placenta, uniting the organisms of the mother and fetus. In this regard, the aim of the work is to study the activity of enzymes of amino acid metabolism at physiological pregnancy and placental dysfunction, which occupy a leading place among the complications of gestation that lead to fetal pathology. Material studies served as placental tissue in which the activity of aminotransferases, deaminases, and aminosynthetases was determined by spectrophotometric methods. Subcellular fractions of the placenta were isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Quantitative assessment of activity zones on gels leads to densitometric method. Established multidirectional changes in the activity of all studied enzymes in the placenta during its dysfunction. The degree of changes depends on the subcellular localization and the nature of the isoenzyme spectrum, which also differ from the normal parameters of this obstetric pathology. The maximum amount of isoenzymes is typical for the mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase fraction. The activity of aminotransferases isoenzymes has polycytostructural organization. In the chains of biochemical signals that lead to placental dysfunction.