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NATURAL COMPOUNDS WITH ANTICOAGULANT ACTION (REVIEW)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2019-02-01
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Issue: 
2
Year: 
2019

D.I. Boyarintsev Assistant, Department of Biological Chemestry, Tyumen State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation E-mail: bdy0710@yandex.ru E.P. Kalinin Ph.D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Department of Biological Chemestry, Tyumen State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation I.V. Ralchenko Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Department of Biological Chemestry, Tyumen State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation E.L. Rudzevich Ph.D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Department of Biological Chemestry, Tyumen State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Disorders in the hemostasis system play a key role in the pathogenesis of many diseases (myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, atheroscle-rosis, hemorrhagic stroke) for the treatment of which a whole Arsenal of drugs (anticoagulants, antiplatelets, fibrinolytics) is used, but there is a high inci-dence of side effects and difficulties in selecting their therapeutic dose. For the correction of disorders of coagulation hemostasis in clinical practice are used as the time-tested "classic" drugs (heparin, warfarin), and Novaya oral direct anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban), which are not devoid of side effects. At the same time, studies of natural compounds with anticoagulant activity as a basis for the creation of new drugs are continuing. The aim of the work is to divide compounds with anticoagulant activity found in nature into groups depending on their chemical structure. These compounds were divided into the following groups: polysaccharides analogues of heparin ("heparinoid"), diphenylpropanoic, derivatives of isoprene, and nitrogen-containing compounds. The mechanism of action of effectors is largely determined by the structure of molecules of active substances (quality and number of functional groups, the structure of monomers and polymers, the degree of polymerization). The sources of the first three groups of com-pounds are mainly plants, the fourth – both plants and representatives of the animal world. Each group, if possible, presents the objects of study, the chemical name of the effector and its mechanism of anticoagulant action. The obtained data contribute to the development of biochemistry and pharma-cology, as there is a prospect of creating new available effective and safe drugs.
Keywords: 
anticoagulants
heparinoids
glycoside polysaccharides
peptides

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