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THE STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE FATTY OIL AND THE CONTENT OF MICROELEMENTS IN OENOTHERA BIENNIS L

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2019-11-05
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Issue: 
11
Year: 
2019

S.A. Totskaya Ph.D. (Biol.), Senior Research Scientist, Agrobiotechnology Department, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) M.Yu. Grjaznov Ph.D. (Biol.), Senior Research Scientist, Agrobiotechnology Department, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) S.I. Cyganok Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Chief Research Scientist, Agrobiotechnology Department, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) O.M. Savchenko Ph.D. (Agricult.), Senior Research Scientist, Agrobiotechnology Department, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) E-mail: swamprat@rambler.ru

Oenothera biennis (biennial evening primrose) - Oenothera biennis L. is a biennial herbaceous plant is one of willowherb family (Onagraceae). Medicinal raw materials are seeds that are harvested during the ripening of the fruit in the second year of vegetation. The object of the study was the fruits of the samples of the collection of two-year oslinnik harvested in 2013-15 on the experimental site of VILAR. The studies were performed in 3 repetitions. Their average data and standard deviations were calculated. The study of the component composi-tion of O. biennis L. fatty oil was carried out by gas-liquid chromatography after the preliminary transfer of fatty acids into methyl esters according to GOST 30418-96. To study the elemental chemical composition of Oenothera biennis L., the samples of seeds recommended as medicinal raw materi-als were studied. Method of analysis: inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Nexion 300 D quadrupole mass spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, USA). Fatty acid composition of seeds of promising samples of O. biennis L., cultivated in VILAR, characterized by a high content of linoleic (70,0 to 73,9% in oil) and γ-linolenic acid (8,12-9,25% in oil). The analysis of mineral composition showed the presence in the fruit, evening primrose macro-elements: Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, and P. Among micronutrients, there are high values of Zn, Mn, Sr, Fe, Al, Si. The content of the toxic element of lead in the studied samples of evening primrose does not exceed the permissible concentration for tea and medicinal plant materials, which indicates its envi-ronmental safety. A study of fatty acid composition of seeds of Oenothera biennis L. allowed to identify the most promising samples, characterized by high productivity and yield fatty oil. These requirements are met by sample number 3-89: seed yield 1,9 t/ha; oil content in seeds – 23,7%; high content of linoleic (73,9% in oil) and γ-linolenic acid (9,25% in oil). Analysis of the mineral composition of O. biennis L. showed the presence of 25 mineral ele-ments, among which both essential and toxic elements were found.
Keywords: 
oil crop
microelements
Oenothera biennis L.
seeds

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